Комментарий к Шир ха-ширим 1:7
הַגִּ֣ידָה לִּ֗י שֶׁ֤אָהֲבָה֙ נַפְשִׁ֔י אֵיכָ֣ה תִרְעֶ֔ה אֵיכָ֖ה תַּרְבִּ֣יץ בַּֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִם שַׁלָּמָ֤ה אֶֽהְיֶה֙ כְּעֹ֣טְיָ֔ה עַ֖ל עֶדְרֵ֥י חֲבֵרֶֽיךָ׃
Скажи мне, о, кого любит моя душа, Где ты питаешься, где пасешь стадо твое в полдень; Почему я должен быть тем, кто скрывает себя от стада твоих товарищей?
Rashi on Song of Songs
Tell me, you whom my soul loves. The Holy Spirit now repeatedly compares her to sheep that is endeared to the shepherd. The congregation of Yisroel says to Him, as a woman to her husband, “Tell me, You Whom my soul loves, where do You pasture Your flock [i.e., Bnei Yisroel] among these wolves27I.e., the nations. in whose midst they are? And where will You rest them at noon, in this exile, which is a distressful time for them, like noon, which is a distressful time28Because of its intense heat. for the flock?”
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Ezra ben Solomon on Song of Songs
Tell me: Show me your place so that I might go there; so that you might dwell with me as before; so that my children might return as in ancient days.
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Rashi on Song of Songs
For why should I flit about. And if you ask, “What does it concern You?” It is not complimentary for You that I29I.e., Bnei Yisroel. should be like a mourner, who veils herself over the lip, weeping for my sheep.30I.e., weeping over the plight of my people.
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Ezra ben Solomon on Song of Songs
Where do you pasture your sheep?: Pasturing refers to the satisfaction derived from the joy of emanation and its superabundance. Our sages designated this as “eating.” As they stated in Midrash Shemot Rabbah: “They saw God” [Exod. 24:11], their eyes drew their nourishment from the shekhinah. R. Yohanan states that this was true eating. As it says: “In the King’s countenance resides life” [Prov. 16:15].51Compare Vayikra Rabbah 20:10.
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Rashi on Song of Songs
Around the flocks of your companions. Near the flocks of the other shepherds, who pasture flocks as You do; i.e., among the flocks of the nations, who rely on other deities, and who have kings and princes leading them.
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Ezra ben Solomon on Song of Songs
Where do you rest them at noon?: The parable refers to the removal of the Glory and its ascension to highest heights of heaven.
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Ezra ben Solomon on Song of Songs
Let me not be as one who strays beside the flocks of your fellows!: For how long will you desire that I be intermingled among the other nations, who are the flocks of your fellows? The text states “beside” [‘al—literally “over”] because the Central Pillar is exalted over all.
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